Discuss the impact of globalisation on China, with reference to economic development and environmental consequences Essay Example

Discuss the impact of globalisation on China, with reference to economic development and environmental consequences Essay Example Discuss the impact of globalisation on China, with reference to economic development and environmental consequences Essay Discuss the impact of globalisation on China, with reference to economic development and environmental consequences Essay Discuss the impact of globalisation on China, with reference to economic development and environmental consequences Globalisation, is the process of increasing integration among different countries, resulting in the establishment of a single world market. Globalisation has been accelerated in the last 50 years due to the relative stabilisation of international relations, development of international institutions that have assisted in the management of globalisation, technological developments and changes in domestic policy. China has been heavily impacted by the process of globalisation displayed hrough: economic growth, international convergence, economic development and quality of life, international trade, investment, financial markets, distribution of income, the environment and Chinese government economic policy. In this essay I will be especially focussing on how globalisation has impacted economic development and the environmental consequences of globalisation. China is the largest country in terms of population size and has recently become the second largest economy in PPP IJS$ terms. China has made rapid progress in economic and human development by reforming its economy. Between 1978 and 1997, the Chinese government made vast changes allowing its economy to become more efficient and opening up its doors to the global market to reap the benefits globalisation. Chinas recent high growth performance has led to rapid economic development. China sustained an average annual rate of growth in real GDP of 10. 1% between 2003 and 2009. Investment and international trade have been the source of Chinas industrialisation and consequently its rapid growth. This economic growth has lead to economic development with its citizens enjoying rising per capita incomes, rowing by an average of 8. 2% per annum between 1975 and 2005, and improvements in quality of life, rising from a HDI of 0. 530 in 1975 to 0. 777 in 2005. The World Bank estimates that over the last 25 year poverty has been reduced by 400 million people in china, previously living on $1 US dollar a day. Chinas export orientated strategy financed by direct foreign investment has doubled the size of the Chinese economy in the decades of 1980s and 90s. This has resulted in rising real incomes and significant improvements in material indicators and non material ndicators of development for much of Chinas population. Due to the structural changes implemented since 1978 within the economy, the Chinese populations life expectancy, GDP per capita and adult literacy levels and HDI value have all risen Chinas high levels of economic growth can be attributed to international convergence, a key impact of globalisation. The Chinese economy has moved from being a planned economy to a market economy, an agricultural economy to an industrialised economy, a rural based society to an urban based society and has eveloped an outward trade focus capturing the benefits of globalisation. Because of these economic developments china is now a major contributor to global output, growth, trade and investment. Chinas international trade has increased considerably in the recent decades due restructuring of the economy and the reduction of trade barriers. These economic developments have allowed Chinas exports have grown on average by 17% per year since 1978. This has been predominantly due to Western companies that have set up Multination corporations (MNCs) in China which account for a massive 54% of Chinas total exports. The value of Chinas exports grew by 30% per annum between 2003 and 2008 and exports now account for 35% of GDP. Much of the growth reflected the expansion in the processing of goods that have been imported from other countries which has become cheep and efficient to do through globalisation breaking down trade barriers between nation. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in China remains a key driver of Chinese economic growth although capital flows eased during the GFC in 2008-9. Investment in China is mainly based around the secondary and tertiary sectors. Investment in urban areas as also increased significantly due to the rapid increase in urbanisation in China. China attracts record levels of FDI as companies shift production to china to take advantage of the cheap labour market. Chinas financial markets are still fairly primitive however China has one of the highest saving rates in the world. This is Largely due to rising incomes, but also due to the lack of a robust social safety net to protect citizens from changing economic circumstances such as unemployment and population ageing. The banking sector was only opened to foreign competition at the end of 2006. This forced Chinese anks to become strong and efficient so as to compete with the international banks. In making the banks more efficient, state owned enterprises also had to increase their efficiency as they no longer were allowed to take low cost loans that were running at a loss for the state bank. These economic developments coupled with increased prudential standards and the improvement of lending practices has allowed for savings to be allocated efficiently for investment purposes, to support medium term growth in the Chinese economy. Chinas impressive growth performance has not benefited all provinces equally as llustrated through the large geographic disparities in the distribution of income. Coastal areas have consistently experienced the fastest economic growth because they benefit from their proximity to the Special Economic Zones such as Shanghai and Shenzhen, where employment and income opportunities are the greatest. veraging 13%, which was five times the level in Chinas slowest growing north western regions (e. g. Tibet). China may be one of the few countries in the world performing well overall in the indicators for the Millennium Development Goals owever in income, education and health, only some parts of China will achieve these goals, leaving behind the vast inl and areas and particularly the western provinces. Chinas high rates of economic growth in the past decades have led to rapid resource use and environment degradation. A Chinese government study suggested that, unless pollution is controlled, by 2020 it will cause 600,000 premature deaths in urban areas and 20m cases of respiratory illnesses. The World Bank estimates that pollution alone costs China approx 10% of Chinas annual GDP, in direct damage to he environment, medical costs, lost output from respiratory illnesses, money spent on disaster relief and the implicit costs of the depletion of natural resources. In fact, in 2005 the endangered and much loved Chinese unicorn became extinct due to deforestation of their natural habitats. The Chinese government has begun to recognise and address the environmental problems that have emerged due to rapid growth and industrialisation. Targets have been set to reduce pollution levels and markets have been established for tradable emission permits which give firms an ncentive to keep pollution at a minimum. These economic developments will lead to higher economic growth and improvements in human development and living standards. Chinese government economic policy since 1978 to today has been a continual process of opening the economy up to market forces and embracing the potential benefits of globalisation. The current government is focusing on continuing economic development and social stability in China. The government has recently begun implemented a more than half a trillion dollar fiscal stimulus package to counter the conomic slowdown, boost domestic demand and prevent a rise in poverty. This economic slowdown of the Chinese economy, triggered by the Global Financial Crisis, and the need for such a large fiscal stimulus package displays how global influences can readily affect globalised economies. Overall Chinas economy has been impacted significantly by globalisation. As discussed, without Chinas exposure to globalisation it could not have sustained such high levels of growth and economically developed so much in such a short period of time. However the Chinese governments policy must see much reform before the conomic development can reach the levels of developed nations. For example Chinas environmental standards must be addressed as China now has the ten most polluted cities in the world causing premature deaths and millions of respiratory related illnesses. Other such issues that need to be addressed by the Chinese government if they want to continue to enjoy high levels of economic growth include development in infrastructure, commercial laws and regulations, social security reform, reform of the labour market, political instability and ecological sustainability.

Social Changes And Changes In Technology Since 1900 Essay

Social Changes And Changes In Technology Since 1900 - Essay Example Development of new transport forms during the early years of the twentieth century led to a significant change of social life. By 1900, horseless carriages had been introduced to the streets of popular cities (Crossley, Lees, & Servos, 2012, p, 15). These carriages were powered either by steam or by electrical power. By 1920s, automobiles were developed, and were common in the United States of America. They became common in Germany by 1960s, and in Japan; they became common in the 1970s (Crossley, Lees, & Servos, 2012, p, 15). This led to the rise of the world’s largest corporations, which supplied livelihoods to numerous workers. People had to spend significant potions of their time working in order to earn. Also, automobiles catalysed social change because they afforded the owners new mobility, new sites for courtship and new leisure pursuits (Crossley, Lees, & Servos, 2012, p, 15). As a result of transport and industrialisation, European settlers settled in third world countries, influencing the culture of the natives significantly. Therefore, the natives adopted the European culture and science, in the name modernisation of society. Scientific evolution led to departure from the old and traditional ways to new ways of life such as photography, radio and music. For instance, European faith was introduced to various parts of the world, where the Europeans had migrated to. It is the advancement in technology that led to development of transport, which enabled the Europeans to travel to various parts of the world. As they settled in these areas, they introduced their culture, forcing the natives to abandon their traditional social ways and adopt the new settlers’ culture. ... International trade resulted due to further development of various forms of transport. In turn, international trade, led to an increase in growth among countries and change in lifestyles. It also contributed to poverty and the rise of slums in key cities. As people were engaged in trading, they became concerned on how they would attain more wealth through trade. As a result, they departed from their former ways of social life, which required that those who were fortunate would help the needy. In their bid to attain success in trade, rich traders suppressed the poor, and as a result, the poor built slums within the major cities that had prospered due to trade. Urbanisation greatly influenced social change during the early years of the twentieth century. For instance, native whites contributed to a larger share of the urban working class that had migrated to the cities from depressed rural areas (Rabinowitz, 1994). In urban areas, people changed their ways of life. Most of them broke a way from rules and norms of traditionally expected behaviour, as they underwent social change. Urbanisation was the causal agent of rapid social change, poor urban living condition because of congestion and breakdown from social norms and increase of crime during the twentieth century (Martel, 2011, p, 13. Urbanisation, which was experienced in the twentieth century, in high rates, led to the emergence of new social issues such as child labour. People had to change their lifestyles and adapt to the new systems, where employment of minors and children was a common trend. Industrial and economic changes led to changes in modes of thought, which led to the development of new

Internet Changing Journalisim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internet Changing Journalisim - Essay Example Journalism besides covering political and social issues it also covers cultural aspects related to the concerned society like arts and entertainment. In the old times there were only three ways through which news and other information could be published or broadcasted but now in this modern era anyone can produce media if he has an internet connection and a computer or a smartphone. In the olden times journalism was an extremely professional career but now journalism has de-professionalized due to other forms of media and most importantly the internet (Whitman, Bergman, Noverr & Recchia, 1998). With the introduction of internet, journalism has quite changed in all aspects. The internet is a very wide network which comprises of many wide networks. It has become a very interactive form of media. Data through the internet is sent by means of packet switching. No form of media can attract such a large audience at a single time but through internet this is possible. The greatest advantage of internet being the ease of availability, use and cost effectiveness have made it even more common among the people. Anyone having access to the internet can have contact with all of the people of the world. Internet has removed all bounds and limits that were included with the traditional journalism. Internet has now become the center of all mass communication (Pavlik, 2001). There are various kinds of journalism that people are adopting as a profession or being practiced by amateurs. Internet has affected all types of journalism. Examples can include the following. Fashion journalism is one of the kinds of journalism in which the person has to write articles related to fashion and life style. People interested in fashion writing can opt for this profession; such articles can be read in newspapers and magazines and nowadays certain TV channels are there which only cover fashion related issues and trends. The internet has revolutionized the fashion journalism. We can now easily g et access to the latest fashion trends and tips on the net in a jiffy anytime. If we were to watch a show on television we will have to wait until the show is aired on the television but through the internet we can access anything, any information without a time restriction. Tips to life style, health tips and other fashion related issues can easily be accessed through the web. Now almost all fashion magazines and fashion channels have correspondence with their own website. The journalist now has to work more hard and find more interesting and innovative ideas so that people are more attracted towards reading magazines and newspapers (Dreiser, & Nostwich, 1988). News journalism is another type of journalism in which news related to political, social issues, current issues, weather, entertainment news are covered. In the earlier times news could only be accessed by the people through the television and when there were no televisions then it was done through radio, and later on by new spapers as well. But all this required time and spending of large amounts of money. News through the newspapers could not be reached to the people instantly and the people had to wait a whole day long to read the news related to that day because it took time to gather, write and edit news and articles and then print them. For the news on television we had to wait for the time on which the news would be

Simultaneous Equilibria in the Benzoic Acid

Simultaneous Equilibria in the Benzoic Acid Jekathjenani Ratnakumaran Simultaneous Equilibria in the Benzoic Acid Toulene -Water System Introduction: Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid with molecular formula, C7H6O2. It appeared as colorless crystalline solid and has a fade, pleasant odor. Benzoic acid is easily available in nature and are used as a precursor to plasticizers, and sodium benzoate. Also, it inhibits the growth of microorganisms such as yeast, mold and bacteria. It also, used as an ointment to treat the fungal diseases such as ringworm and athletes foot. This benzoic acid can be prepared from the bromobenzene, benzyl alcohol and benzyl chloride. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the distribution coefficient (ÃŽ ±) and dimerization constant of the benzoic acid in equilibrium of toluene and water. The distribution coefficient can be determined by using the distributive law which is given by the Nernst in 1891. This law states that distribution of the solute either solid or liquid between two non miscible solvents1. When the solute distributes in the two non miscible solvent at constant temperature, the solute remains in both solvent at the same molecular conditions and then, the concentration of solute in those two non miscible solvents will be equal to the distribution constant, K. In this experiment, the two non miscible solvents are water and toluene. There are three equilibrium states occur in the system used in this experiment such as distribution equilibrium, aqueous phase equilibrium and toluene phase equilibrium. These three equilibria contain benzoic acid (HBz), water (W) and Toluene (T). The distribution occurs as monomer in water and hence, there is monmer-dimer equilibrium occurs in the water and toluene phase2. From the distribution equilibrium, the distribution coefficient, ÃŽ ± can be calculated by, HBz (w)HBz (T) From the aqueous equilibrium phase, the aqueous dissociation constant, Ka is calculated as follows, HBz (w)H+ + Bz From the toluene equilibrium phase, the aqueous dimerization constant, K2 is calculated as follows, 2HBz (T)(HBz)2 The total concentration of benzoic acid in Toluene (CT) and total concentration of benzoic acid in water (Cw) can determine using the formula 1 and 3, they are as follows, Cw= [HBz]w + [H+] CT= [HBz]T + 2[(HBz)2] By plotting the graph using above formula, the total concentrations present in both water and toluene can be determined. Methods: This experiment was conducted by following the procedure given in the laboratory manual by the department of chemistry, Trent University. Related questions Answers: The structure of a dimer of benzoic acid is shown below, O H- O C C O- H O As benzoic acid has phenyl group and it is non polar but water is a polar solvent. Therefore, the carboxyl group in benzoic acid will be harder to form hydrogen bonding with water and decrease the interactions between the benzoic acid molecules. Hence it does not form a dimer with water. In the case of hexane, the hexane is non polar solvent and therefore, the benzoic acid forms dimer with hexane. In the case of methanol, as it has hydrogen bonding, it is considered as polar solvent. When it reacts with benzoic acid, it does not form a dimer of benzoic acid. Furthermore, in the case of propanone, benzoic acid does not form dimer because propanone is a polar solvent. As the titrant solution is base solution, the indicator required to give end point is phenolphthalein. The indicator used in the titration is based on the pH values of the solutions used. In this case, as solution contains benzoic acid and its titrated against NaOH, therefore, the to bring the end point, the phenolphthalein which has pH approximately 9 is used. If the titrant is base solution, then the methyl orange, which has pH 3.5 is used to identify the end point. Results: Table 1 represents the volume of the benzoic acid, toluene and water added in the five solutions in different fractions of the volumes. Solutions Volume of benzoic acid in toluene Solution (ml) Volume of water added (ml) Volume of toluene required to bring total volume to 100 ml (ml) 1 50 50 0 2 40 50 10 3 25 50 25 4 15 50 35 5 5 50 45 Mass of the benzoic acid used = 5.000 g Volume of the NaOH used= 10 ml Calculated concentration of the NaOH = 0.018 M Table 2 represents the titrated volume of the solutions against NaOH and HCl and calculated concentrations of benzoic acid in the Toluene and Water. Solution Number VNaOH (w) (ml) VNaOH(T) (mL) VHCl (T) (mL) CW x 10-3 (M) CT x 10-2 (M) ÃŽ ² Cw (1-ÃŽ ²) CT/Cw (1-ÃŽ ²) 1 5.8 35.7 0.3 4.35 2.70 0.1141 0.00385 7.0130 2 5.4 28.9 0.4 4.05 2.20 0.1181 0.00357 6.1625 3 4.9 16.4 0.8 3.67 1.30 0.1236 0.00322 5.3450 4 3.0 10.7 1.6 2.25 0.92 0.1545 0.00190 4.8421 5 2.2 5.7 5.0 1.65 0.80 0.1773 0.00136 5.8823 Figure 1 represents the plot of Cw (1-ÃŽ ²) versus CT/Cw (1-ÃŽ ²). Data Analysis Calculations: Volume of HBz in water, V1= 0.02 L Volume of NaOH, V2= 0.0058 L Concentration of NaOH, C2= 0.015 M Concentration of HBz, Cw= (0.0058 x 0.015) / 0.02 M = 4.35 x 10-3 M Volume of HBz in water, V1= 0.02 L Volume of NaOH + HCl, V2= 0.036 L Concentration of NaOH, C2= 0.015 M Concentration of HBz, CT= (0.036 x 0.015) / 0.02 M = 2.70 x 10-2 M By using the below formula, the value of ÃŽ ² was calculated, The value of Ka for benzoic acid is 6.46 x 10-5 0.00435 ÃŽ ²2 + 6.46 x 10-5 ÃŽ ² 6.46 x 10-5 Using the quadratic formula, the value of ÃŽ ² is, ÃŽ ² = 0.1141 Calculation of Cw (1-ÃŽ ²) for solution 1, Cw (1-ÃŽ ²)= 0.00435 (1- 0.1141) = 0.00385 Calculation of CT/Cw (1-ÃŽ ²) for solution 1, CT/Cw (1-ÃŽ ²)= (0.0270) / (0.00385) = 7.013 From the figure 1, the value of K2 and ÃŽ ± are as follows, Y = -0.1344 x + 5.8939 ÃŽ ± (intercept) = 0.1344 2ÃŽ ±2K2= 5.8939 K2= (5.8939 ) / (0.03613) = 163.13 M Discussion: The experiment was conducted with careful consideration to get the result as close as to the real value. However, due to the some experimental error involved in this experiment, the calculated values are not close to the literature value. The calculated K2 value is 163.13 L/mol and the alpha value is 0.1344. The literature values are 260 L/mol and 1.49 respectively. Figure 1 represents the plot of Cw (1-ÃŽ ²) versus CT/Cw (1-ÃŽ ²). Based on the graph shown on figure 1, the peak is falling and then raising. When the amount of benzoic acid decreases, the amount of concentration of toluene increases. On the contrary, the value of concentration of benzoic acid (HBz) in water is higher than the concentration of HBz in toluene. In comparison with the literature value, the calculated value has deviated from it. However, the calculated percentage error is 37 %. This is considered as large difference when compared to literature values. These differences between the calculated and literature v alue occurred due to the experimental error. Equipments used in this experiment were used by the previous batch. As the experiment was conducted using the pre used equipments, there might be an error in the contamination. The solution that has made in this experiment has to be mixed well. This will provide a more accurate result. Failure to do this step might have resulted in the failure of result. Also, the burette reading and end point notification are considered one of the errors which lead to inaccurate result. Due to these occurrences, the experiment does not turn successful and have heavily affected the final results. Moreover, the adjustment made in the water bath and less time of keeping the solution in the water bath also might be lead to the error in the final result. Because temperature is ne of the factor affects the dissociation of particles. Furthermore, due to the weather condition (winter), temperature and pressure changes and might not favored to conduct the experim ent. Conclusion: In conclusion, the simultaneous equilibria of benzoic acid presence in the water and toluene solvent was studied by conducting this experiment. In order to get accuracy of result, the precision can be improved by more attention on the experimental procedure and handling the equipments. Also, accurate result can be made by observing the measurements such as notifying the burette reading and end point in a proper manner. References Chemistry Made Simple about Nernst Distribution Lawn; Metallurgy, (2009) Ellison H.R. Simultaneous equilibria in the benzoic acid-benzene-water system, A distribution experiment; 48 (2): 124 (1971). DOI: 10.1021/ed048p124P. Atkins and J. de Paula, Atkins’ Physical Chemistry, 8th ed., W. H.Freeman and Co., New York (2006). Department of Chemistry, Laboratory Manual, Experiment G1- Heat Capacity Ratio for Gases, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario(2014)

Slavery in the American South Essay examples -- History African Americ

Slavery in the South Slavery was a big part of life in the South. Many plantation owners relied on slaves and their work to help get the money and crops they needed. There were two types of slaves in the South at this time. There were house slaves and there were field slaves. House slaves consisted of servants, maids, and butlers. They were normally treated better than the field slaves (Biel 14). They got to be inside most of the time. Owners of house slaves would usually not beat them because they wanted the slaves to look presentable for whatever guests arrived or stopped by. With house slaves, the owner’s family enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle (Biel 14). These houses were normally extremely elegant. Some house slaves had the luxury of being taught basic education. Just enough to understand what was going on and what to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Field slave life was much different than that of a house slave. There was no education taught to a field slave. Literacy for enslaved blacks was clearly viewed as a potential weapon against the slave system (â€Å"Voices of Triumph† 167). Educated slaves were thought not only more likely to rebel but also to pose a greater threat if they did (â€Å"Voices of Triumph† 167). Forty to fifty slaves lived on a typical plantation (Biel 14). These field slaves were very important and was a heavy contributor to the plantation owner’s income. Slavery was a way to use man, woman, and child power to raise crops for sale (Boorstin and Kelly 273). The largest of these crops was cotton, which the Southerners thought was the â€Å"King† of all crops, but also important were tabacco, rice, hemp, and sugar (Boorstin and Kelly 273). From age 12, slaves were expected to get up at sunrise and work until it was to dark to see (Biel 14). It was the black slave, working from dusk to dawn, who planted, tended, and harvested these crops, as well as built fences, cut wood, and fed farm animals (Boorstin and Kelly 273).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The institution of slavery was operated by the planters and through custom. The owner of the plantation was the head guy who ran the plantation. A small planter would go ahead and supervise the plantation by himself if he could. If he was a medium or major planter, he hired an overseer and perhaps an assistant overseer to represent him (Williams, Current, and Friedel 494). An overseer was a position that had the responsibility of watchi... ...they wouldn’t get caught. Some would go as far as turning their own house into a place where slaves could go and hide out for awhile. The people in the north made a big contribution to runaway slaves also. Some Northern states passed â€Å"personal liberty laws† which made it difficult if not impossible to catch fugitives and banned state officers from assisting in their captures (Williams, Current, and Friedel 448). Works Cited African Americans Voices of Triumph. Virginia: Time-Life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Books, 1993. Biel, Timothy Levi. The Civil War. California: Lucent Books,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1991. Boorstin, Daniel, and Brooks Mather Kelly. A History of the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  United States. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1992. Goldston, Robert. The Coming of the Civil War. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Macmillan Company, 1972. Pentry, Ann. Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Railroad. New York: Thomas Crowell Company, 1955. Stewert, Jeffrey C. 1001 Things Everyone Should Know About African American History. New York: Main Street Books, 1996. Williams, T. Harry, Richard N. Current, and Frank Freidel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A History of the United States to 1877. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1969 Slavery in the American South Essay examples -- History African Americ Slavery in the South Slavery was a big part of life in the South. Many plantation owners relied on slaves and their work to help get the money and crops they needed. There were two types of slaves in the South at this time. There were house slaves and there were field slaves. House slaves consisted of servants, maids, and butlers. They were normally treated better than the field slaves (Biel 14). They got to be inside most of the time. Owners of house slaves would usually not beat them because they wanted the slaves to look presentable for whatever guests arrived or stopped by. With house slaves, the owner’s family enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle (Biel 14). These houses were normally extremely elegant. Some house slaves had the luxury of being taught basic education. Just enough to understand what was going on and what to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Field slave life was much different than that of a house slave. There was no education taught to a field slave. Literacy for enslaved blacks was clearly viewed as a potential weapon against the slave system (â€Å"Voices of Triumph† 167). Educated slaves were thought not only more likely to rebel but also to pose a greater threat if they did (â€Å"Voices of Triumph† 167). Forty to fifty slaves lived on a typical plantation (Biel 14). These field slaves were very important and was a heavy contributor to the plantation owner’s income. Slavery was a way to use man, woman, and child power to raise crops for sale (Boorstin and Kelly 273). The largest of these crops was cotton, which the Southerners thought was the â€Å"King† of all crops, but also important were tabacco, rice, hemp, and sugar (Boorstin and Kelly 273). From age 12, slaves were expected to get up at sunrise and work until it was to dark to see (Biel 14). It was the black slave, working from dusk to dawn, who planted, tended, and harvested these crops, as well as built fences, cut wood, and fed farm animals (Boorstin and Kelly 273).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The institution of slavery was operated by the planters and through custom. The owner of the plantation was the head guy who ran the plantation. A small planter would go ahead and supervise the plantation by himself if he could. If he was a medium or major planter, he hired an overseer and perhaps an assistant overseer to represent him (Williams, Current, and Friedel 494). An overseer was a position that had the responsibility of watchi... ...they wouldn’t get caught. Some would go as far as turning their own house into a place where slaves could go and hide out for awhile. The people in the north made a big contribution to runaway slaves also. Some Northern states passed â€Å"personal liberty laws† which made it difficult if not impossible to catch fugitives and banned state officers from assisting in their captures (Williams, Current, and Friedel 448). Works Cited African Americans Voices of Triumph. Virginia: Time-Life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Books, 1993. Biel, Timothy Levi. The Civil War. California: Lucent Books,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1991. Boorstin, Daniel, and Brooks Mather Kelly. A History of the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  United States. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1992. Goldston, Robert. The Coming of the Civil War. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Macmillan Company, 1972. Pentry, Ann. Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Railroad. New York: Thomas Crowell Company, 1955. Stewert, Jeffrey C. 1001 Things Everyone Should Know About African American History. New York: Main Street Books, 1996. Williams, T. Harry, Richard N. Current, and Frank Freidel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A History of the United States to 1877. New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1969

Personal Goal

Throughout my life there have been a lot of people, books and audio tapes that have taught me important lessons. For me, making the right decision in life is crucial as I believe we have only one life and one chance and we should make the most of it. In my life I want to be known for my successful career, my generosity and my positive influence towards people. I guess this is my long term goal in life and I am confident that my study in Northeastern University will take me closer towards my goal in life. Since I was twelve years old, I was in a position where I needed to choose between going to school in Indonesia, where I would stay close to my family and friends, or going to school in Australia, where I would get a better education, but be by myself, far away from my family and friends. I took action and moved from my comfort zone. Moving and living into a totally new country is certainly a great life experience which thought me that determination and self-motivation is the key in helping one succeed in life. My parents always remind me that when the time comes my responsibility is to continue our family business and taking care of my brother and sisters. It is in our culture that the eldest son in the family had the responsibility to take care of the whole family. I believe it is not an easy task but as a responsible son I will prepare and equipped myself with whatever I need to achieve this goal. My short term goal is to have a real working experience in one of the leading company in the United States. When choosing a University in United States, it was always my intention of not getting just a business theory but more importantly real working experience in a company. I do my research and finds that Northeastern University is known for its internship program in United States. In doing MBA degree at Northeastern, I will choose finance as my career track. I choose finance firstly because it is an important area that I need to understand in order to take my family business to the next stage and I also believe that by taking this career track it will get me ready to face the real business world. I am confident that by taking a MBA at Northeastern University will help me to achieve my short term goal of equipping me with knowledge and a real working experience that I really need. Determination and Self motivation is what will keep me moving towards my life goal and I believe that with strong determination and self motivation I will be able to accomplish all of my goals in life. Please answer the following questions: a) What have you learned in your research on Northeastern that has motivated you to apply? ) What unique contributions will you bring to the Northeastern community as a student? c) How will you benefit personally and professionally from your experience at Northeastern? A) The most appealing factor that motivated me to apply is the fact that Northeastern is one of the top Universities in United States that have the best internship program and the recommendation by people who claimed that the schools are so helpful with their students. I believe that University involvement in helping their student succeeding in their career is very important. I read a review that stated that Northeastern provide students with a lots of tools and workshop for their internship. B) In my career both in Indonesia and Australia, I had the opportunity to experience many different kinds of activity from sporting activity, community activity to working experience. My sporting experience includes representing Indonesia to play in an international U-13 competition, playing musical instrument in a band for a concert in Australia, one of a member in Indonesian Student Association in Australia, as well as having two years experience working as a marketing manager in a building material manufacturer company in Indonesia. As a student I am confident that my experience will bring unique contribution to Northeastern Community. C) Personally the most valuable thing that I could have is experiencing and learning in different culture, different environment and diverse people from all over the country. The chance of being able to be around different people from different country and background are priceless for me because it will open my mind about being able to adapt in a diverse environment and a challenge to be able to settle and work together with people from different culture and background. An experience outside university as well as in the workplace will no doubt give me a price less experience especially towards my career internationally, because in a business world we have to be able to deal with almost everyone and I will take this opportunity as my chance to practice this rare opportunity. I look forward to meeting new people from all over the world, making new friends, learning about the western culture, doing new activity and working together as a team. Another personal benefit is that living away from my family will make me able to be live independently and solving problems on my own. I believe that as I move along in my study at Northeastern I will have more and more benefit that right now I have not seen.

Chinese Translations of Common English Names

Learn your Chinese name with this list of English names and their Chinese translations. Theyre ordered alphabetically, by gender, and  translated based on the English pronunciation. The Chinese names are written in the simplified characters used in Mainland China. How the Names Are Translated Its common for Chinese people to translate their native names into English by pronunciation. An English translation is created by using sounds similar to the Chinese characters. English names can be translated into Chinese in the same way, however, characters in Chinese are often chosen based on meaning—not just pronunciation—as some characters put together form negative combinations. Additionally, gender introduces  a variety of characters that include a description of the name—like Marilyn Monroe (玛ä ¸ ½Ã¨Å½ ²Ã‚ ·Ã¦ ¢ ¦Ã©Å" ²) versus Jim Monroe (Ã¥ â€°Ã¥ §â€ Ã‚ ·Ã©â€" ¨Ã§ ½â€"). Here, the latter can be described as more masculine, and the former can be considered more feminine, emphasizing the differences in their natures. Female Chinese Names A-E Abie  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã§ ¢ §Adriana  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã©â€¡Å'ä ºÅ¡Ã¥ ¨Å"Alanis  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã¦â€¹â€°Ã¥ ° ¼Ã¦â€" ¯Alexandra  Ã¤ ºÅ¡Ã¥Å½â€ Ã¥ ± ±Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã¦â€¹â€°Alice  Ã§Ë† ±Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ Alicia  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã¤ ºÅ¡Alison  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¦ £ ®Alyssa  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨Å½Å½Amanda  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã¦â€º ¼Ã¨ ¾ ¾Amelia  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨â€¦Amy  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã§ ¾Å½Anastasia  Ã©Ëœ ¿Ã¥ ¨Å"ä ¸ Ã¥ ¡â€Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã¤ ºÅ¡Andrea  Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨â€¦Angelina  Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ â€°Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨Å"Angie  Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ â€°Ann  Ã¥ ®â€°Anna  Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Anne  Ã¥ ®â€°Annette  Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã§â€° ¹Annie  Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¦ ®April  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¦â„¢ ®Ã¥ °â€Ariana  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Ashley  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¨Å½â€°Audrey  Ã¥ ¥ ¥Ã© »â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Barbara  Ã§ ¬â€ Ã§ ¬â€ Ã¦â€¹â€°Becky  Ã¨ ´ Ã¥Å¸ ºBetsy  Ã¨ ´ Ã§  ªBetty  Ã¨ ´ Ã¨â€™â€šBeyonce  Ã§ ¢ §Ã¦Ëœâ€šÃ¦â€" ¯Bianca  Ã§ ¢ §Ã¦Ëœâ€šÃ¥  ¡Brenda  Ã¥ ¸Æ'å… °Ã¨ ¾ ¾Bridget  Ã¥ ¸Æ'é‡Å'Ã¥ â€°Ã§â€° ¹Brittany  Ã¥ ¸Æ'é‡Å'Ã¥ ¡â€Ã¥ ° ¼Brookeà ‚  Ã¥ ¸Æ'é ² Ã¥â€¦â€¹Caitlin  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€° ¹Ã§  ³Cameron  Ã¥  ¡Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã©Å¡â€ Candace  Ã¥ Å½Ã¨ ¿ ªÃ¦â€" ¯Carmen  Ã¥  ¡Ã©â€" ¨Carol  Ã¥  ¡Ã§ ½â€"Ã¥ °â€Carrie  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¨Å½â€°Cassandra  Ã¥  ¡Ã¦ ¡â€˜Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã¦â€¹â€°Catherine  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€˜Å¸Ã§  ³Cathy  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¨ ¥ ¿Cecile  Ã¨ µâ€ºÃ¨Å'Å"å„ ¿Celeste  Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã¨Å½ ±Ã¦â€" ¯Ã§â€° ¹Charlotte  Ã¥ ¤ Ã§ » ¿Ã¨â€™â€šChelsea  Ã¥Ë†â€¡Ã¥ °â€Ã¨ ¥ ¿Cheryl  Ã¨ ° ¢Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ °â€Christina  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã©â€¡Å'æâ€" ¯Ã¨â€™â€šÃ¥ ¨Å"Christine  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¥ © ·Christy  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã©â€¡Å'æâ€" ¯Ã¨â€™â€šCindy  Ã¨ ¾â€ºÃ¨ ¿ ªClaire  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¨Å½ ±Ã¥ °â€Clara  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¨Å½ ±Ã¦â€¹â€°Claudia  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¥Å  ³Ã¨ ¿ ªÃ¥ ¨â€¦Constance  Ã¥ º ·Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¥  ¦Ã¦â€" ¯Courtney  Ã¨â‚¬Æ'ç‰ ¹Ã¥ ° ¼Cynthia  Ã¨ ¾â€ºÃ¨ ¥ ¿Ã¥ ¨â€¦Daisy  Ã¦Ë† ´Ã¨ ¥ ¿Dalila  Ã¨ ¾ ¾Ã¥Ë† ©Ã¦â€¹â€°Dana  Ã¤ ¸ ¹Ã¥ ¨Å"Daniela  Ã¤ ¸ ¹Ã¦ ¶â€¦Ã¦â€¹â€°Danielle  Ã¤ ¸ ¹Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¥ °â€Daphne  Ã¨ ¾ ¾Ã¨Å â„¢Ã¥ ¦ ®Deborah  Ã© »â€ºÃ¥ Å¡Ã¦â€¹â€°D enise  Ã¤ ¸ ¹Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¤ ¸ Destiny  Ã© »â€ºÃ¤ ¸ Ã¨â€™â€šÃ¥ ¦ ®Diana  Ã© »â€ºÃ¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Diane  Ã© »â€ºÃ¥ ®â€°Dina  Ã¨ ¿ ªÃ¥ ¨Å"Donna  Ã¥â€ Ã¥ ¨Å"Doreen  Ã¥ ¤Å¡Ã§  ³Dorian  Ã¥ ¤Å¡Ã©â€¡Å'Ã¥ ®â€°Edna  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã¥ ¨Å"Eileen  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã§  ³Elena  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¨Å½ ²Ã¥ ¨Å"Elisa  Ã§Ë† ±Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨Å½Å½Elisabeth  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨Å½Å½Ã§â„¢ ½Elise  Ã§Ë† ±Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ Elizabeth  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨Å½Å½Ã§â„¢ ½Ella  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¦â€¹â€°Elle  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¨Å½â€°Ellen  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¤ ¼ ¦Eloise  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¨  Ã¤ ¾ Elora  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¥Å  ³Ã¦â€¹â€°Elsa  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¥ °â€Ã¨Å½Å½Elyse  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ Emily  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã§ ± ³Ã¨Å½â€°Emma  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã§Å½â€ºErica  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥  ¡Erika  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥  ¡Eve  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¥ ¤ «Eveline  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã§ » ´Ã§  ³Evelyn  Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¨Å â„¢Ã§  ³ F-J Felicia  Ã¨  ²Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã¤ ºÅ¡Filipa  Ã¨  ²Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ¸â€¢Fiona  Ã¨  ²Ã¥ ¥ ¥Ã¥ ¨Å"Frankie  Ã¥ ¼â€"å… °Ã¥â€¦â€¹Georgia  Ã¤ ¹â€Ã¦ ² »Ã¤ ºÅ¡Georgina  Ã¤ ¹â€Ã¥ § ¬Ã¥ ¨Å"Gina  Ã¥ â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Ginger  Ã©â€¡â€˜Ã¨â€â€"Ã¥ °â€Gisele  Ã¥ â€°Ã¨ µâ€ºÃ¥ °â€Grace  Ã¦   ¼Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¤ ¸ Gwendolyn  Ã¦ ² ½Ã©â€º ¯Ã©Æ' ½Ã§  ³Hannah  Ã¦ ±â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Hayley  Ã¦ µ ·Ã¨Å½â€°Heather  Ã¥ ¸Å'ç‘ŸHeidi  Ã¦ µ ·Ã¨â€™â€šHeidy  Ã¦ µ ·Ã¨â€™â€šHelen  Ã¦ µ ·Ã¤ ¼ ¦Holly  Ã¨  ·Ã¨Å½â€°Iana  Ã¥ ¨â€¦Ã¥ ¨Å"Ilana  Ã¤ ¾ Ã¦â€¹â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Ilona  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã§ ½â€"Ã¥ ¨Å"Ingrid  Ã¨â€¹ ±Ã¦   ¼Ã¤ ¸ ½Irene  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã§  ³Ã¥ ¨Å"Irina  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Irma  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¥ °â€Ã§Å½â€ºIsabell  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¨  ¨Ã¨ ´ Isabella  Ã¤ ¼Å Ã¨  ¨Ã¨ ´ Ã¦â€¹â€°Jackie  Ã¦  °Ã¥ § ¬Jacklyn  Ã¦  °Ã¥ ¥Å½Ã§  ³Jacquie  Ã¨ ´ ¾Ã¥ ¥â€¡Jade  Ã¨ ´ ¾Ã¥ ¾ ·Jamie  Ã¦  °Ã§ ± ³Jane  Ã§ ®â‚¬Janice  Ã¨ © ¹Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¤ ¸ Jeanette  Ã§  Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã§â€° ¹Jeanine  Ã¦  °Ã¥ ® Jeannine  Ã¦  °Ã¥ ® Jenna  Ã§  Ã¥ ¨Å"Jennifer  Ã§  Ã¥ ° ¼Ã¥ ¼â€"Jenny  Ã§  Ã¥ ¦ ®Jessica  Ã¦  °Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã¥  ¡Jinny  Ã¥ â€°Ã¥ ¦ ®Joan  Ã§  ¼Joanna  Ã¤ ¹â€Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Joanne  Ã¤ ¹â€Ã¥ ®â€°Jodie  Ã¦Å" ±Ã¨ ¿ ªJohanna  Ã§ º ¦Ã§ ¿ °Ã¥ ¨Å"Joy  Ã¤ ¹â€Ã¤ ¼Å Joyce  Ã¤ ¹â€Ã¨â€° ¾Ã¦â€" ¯Judith  Ã¦Å" ±Ã¨ ¿ ªÃ¦â‚¬ Judy  Ã¦Å" ±Ã¨â€™â€šJulia  Ã¦Å" ±Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨â€¦Julie  Ã¦Å" ±Ã¤ ¸ ½Justine  Ã¨ ´ ¾Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¦ ±â‚¬ K-O Kaitlin  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€° ¹Ã§  ³Kara  Ã¥  ¡Ã¦â€¹â€°Karen  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§  ³Karianne  Ã¥  ¡Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ®â€°Karina  Ã¥  ¡Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Kassandra  Ã¥  ¡Ã¦ ¡â€˜Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã¦â€¹â€°Katalina  Ã¥  ¡Ã¥ ¡â€Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨Å"Kate  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€° ¹Katherine  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€˜Å¸Ã§  ³Kathleen  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€˜Å¸Ã§  ³Katie  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¨â€™â€šKatrina  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã§â€° ¹Ã§  ³Ã¥ ¨Å"Katy  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¨â€™â€šKayla  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¦â€¹â€°Keira  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¦â€¹â€°Kelly  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¨Å½â€°Kelsey  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¥ °â€Ã¥ ¡Å¾Kerry-Anne  Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ®â€°Kimberley  Ã©â€¡â€˜Ã¤ ¼ ¯Ã¥Ë† ©Kira  Ã§  ¦Ã¦â€¹â€°Kristie  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¨â€™â€šKristina  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã©â€¡Å'æâ€" ¯Ã¨â€™â€šÃ¥ ¨Å"Kristine  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¦ ±â‚¬Kristy  Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã©â€¡Å'æâ€" ¯Ã¨â€™â€šLaura  Ã¥Å  ³Ã¦â€¹â€°Laurene  Ã¥Å  ³Ã¤ ¼ ¦Laurie  Ã¨  Ã¨Å½â€°Layla  Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¦â€¹â€°Lena  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Leona  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Leslie  Ã¨Å½ ±Ã¤ ¸ Ã¨Å½â€°Libby  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã§ ¢ §Lila  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¦â€¹â€°Liliane  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ®â€°Lilly   Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨Å½â€°Lily-Rose  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨Å½â€°Ã§ ½â€"æâ€" ¯Lina  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Linda  Ã§  ³Ã¨ ¾ ¾Lindsay  Ã¦Å¾â€"è µâ€ºLisa  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨Å½Å½Lise  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ Lola  Ã§ ½â€"拉Lorene  Ã¥Å  ³Ã¤ ¼ ¦Lorette  Ã§ ½â€"ç‘žå ¾ ·Lorianne  Ã¥Å  ³Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ®â€°Louise  Ã¨ · ¯Ã¦Ëœâ€œÃ¤ ¸ Loyce  Ã§ ½â€"ä ¼Å Ã¤ ¸ Lucia  Ã©Å" ²Ã¨Å'Å"Ã¥ ¨â€¦Lucy  Ã©Å" ²Ã¨ ¥ ¿Luna  Ã§â€™ Ã¥ ¨Å"Lydia  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¨â€™â€šÃ¥ ¨â€¦Lyla  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¦â€¹â€°Lynda  Ã§  ³Ã¨ ¾ ¾Lynette  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¥Ë†Ã§â€° ¹Lynn  Ã§  ³Lynne  Ã§  ³Lysa  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨Å½Å½Madeleine  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¥ ¾ ·Ã§  ³Madeline  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¥ ¾ ·Ã§  ³Madison  Ã© º ¦Ã¨ ¿ ªÃ©â‚¬Å Magdalena  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¦   ¼Ã¨ ¾ ¾Ã©â€º ·Ã¥ ¨Å"Maggy  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¥ â€°Malorie  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ§ ½â€"ä ¸ ½Mandy  Ã¦â€º ¼Ã¨â€™â€šMani  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¥ ¦ ®Margaret  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¦   ¼Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã§â€° ¹Margareth  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¦   ¼Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¦â€" ¯Maria  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ºÅ¡Marianna  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Marina  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨Å"Marisa  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã¨Å½Å½Marle ne  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ§  ³Martha  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¨Å½Å½Mary  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Mary-Lou  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã‚ ·Ã§â€™ Maryanne  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ®â€°Marylise  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ Maryse  Ã© © ¬Ã§â€˜Å¾Ã¨ µâ€ºMathis  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¥ ¸Å'æâ€" ¯Maud  Ã¨Å'‰å ¾ ·Maureen  Ã§ ©â€ Ã§  ³Maxine  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ¥  ¯Ã¦ ¬ £May  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Maya  Ã§Å½â€ºÃ©â€ºâ€¦Mayleen  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã§  ³Maylene  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¨Å½ ²Meg  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¦   ¼Melany  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¥â€¦ °Ã¥ ¦ ®Melba  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¥ °â€Ã¥ · ´Melinda  Ã§ ¾Å½Ã¨Å½ ²Ã¨ ¾ ¾Melody  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¦ ´â€ºÃ¨ ¿ ªMeryl  Ã¦ ¢â€¦Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ °â€Mia  Ã§ ± ³Ã¥ ¨â€¦Michaela  Ã§ ± ³Ã¥â€¡ ¯Ã¦â€¹â€°Michelle  Ã§ ± ³Ã¦ ­â€¡Ã¥ °â€Milena  Ã§ ± ³Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¥ ¨Å"Mina  Ã§ ± ³Ã¥ ¨Å"Minna  Ã§ ± ³Ã¥ ¨Å"Molly  Ã¨Å'‰èŽ‰Mona  Ã¨â€™â„¢Ã¥ ¨Å"Monica  Ã¨Å½ «Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¥  ¡Mony  Ã¨Å½ «Ã¥ ° ¼Moreen  Ã¨Å½ «Ã§  ³Morissette  Ã¨Å½ «Ã©â€¡Å'è µâ€ºÃ§â€° ¹Muriel  Ã§ ©â€ Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ °â€Myriam  Ã§ ± ³Ã©â€¡Å'Ã¥ ®â€°Nadia  Ã¥ ¨Å"è ¿ ªÃ¥ ¨â€¦Nadina  Ã§ º ³Ã¨ ¿ ªÃ¥ ¨Å"Nadine  Ã¥ ¨Å" ä ¸ Nancy  Ã¥ â€"èÅ'Å"Naomi  Ã§ º ³Ã¥ ¥ ¥Ã§ ± ³Natalie  Ã¥ ¨Å"Ã¥ ¡â€Ã¨Å½â€°Natasha  Ã¥ ¨Å"Ã¥ ¡â€Ã¨Å½Å½Nicole  Ã¥ ° ¼Ã§ §â€˜Ã¥ °â€Nikita  Ã¥ ° ¼Ã§  ¦Ã¥ ¡â€Nina  Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¥ ¨Å"Nishta  Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¥ ¡â€Noa  Ã¨ ¯ ºÃ©Ëœ ¿Noelle  Ã¨ ¯ ºÃ¥ °â€Norah  Ã¨ ¯ ºÃ¦â€¹â€°Nori  Ã¨ ¯ ºÃ¤ ¸ ½Olive  Ã¥ ¥ ¥Ã¥Ë† ©Ã§ » ´Olivia  Ã¥ ¥ ¥Ã¥Ë† ©Ã§ » ´Ã¤ ºÅ¡Ophelia  Ã¦ ¬ §Ã¨  ²Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨â€¦ P-T Pam  Ã¥ ¸â€¢Ã¥ §â€ Pamela  Ã¥ ¸â€¢Ã§ ± ³Ã¦â€¹â€°Patricia  Ã¥ ¸â€¢Ã§â€° ¹Ã©â€¡Å'Ã¥ ¤ Patsy  Ã¥ ¸â€¢Ã§â€° ¹Ã¨Å'Å"Paula  Ã¥ ® Ã¦â€¹â€°Pauline  Ã¥ ® Ã¦Å¾â€"Pear  Ã¨Å ËœÃ¥ °â€Pearl  Ã§  Ã§   Peggy  Ã¤ ½ ©Ã¥ â€°Penelope  Ã¤ ½ ©Ã¥â€ â€¦Ã¦ ´â€ºÃ¦â„¢ ®Penny  Ã¤ ½ ©Ã¥ ¦ ®Phoenix  Ã¨  ²Ã¥ ° ¼Ã¥â€¦â€¹Ã¦â€" ¯Phyllis  Ã¨  ²Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¤ ¸ Priscilla  Ã¦â„¢ ®Ã©â€¡Å'è ¥ ¿Ã¦â€¹â€°Prudence  Ã¦â„¢ ®Ã© ² Ã§â„¢ »Ã¤ ¸ Rachael  Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¥Ë†â€¡Ã¥ °â€Rachel  Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¥Ë†â€¡Ã¥ °â€Rebecca  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨ ´ Ã¥  ¡Rebeckah  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨ ´ Ã¥  ¡Rebekka  Ã¤ ¸ ½Ã¨ ´ Ã¥  ¡Regina  Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¥ â€°Ã¥ ¨Å"Rejane  Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã§  Renee  Ã¨â€¢ ¾Ã¥ ¦ ®Rhianne  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ®â€°Rita  Ã¨Å½â€°Ã¥ ¡â€Roberta  Ã§ ½â€"ä ¼ ¯Ã¥ ¡â€Romy  Ã§ ½â€"Ã¥ ¯â€ Rosa  Ã¨  Ã¨Å½Å½Rose  Ã§ ½â€"æâ€" ¯Roselyn  Ã§ ½â€"ä ¸ Ã©â€º ·Ã¦  ©Rosie  Ã¨  Ã¨ ¥ ¿Rosy  Ã¨  Ã¨ ¥ ¿Roxana  Ã§ ½â€"克莎å ¨Å"Roxanne  Ã§ ½â€"å…‹ç Å Ruth  Ã©Å" ²Ã¤ ¸ Sabine  Ã¨  ¨Ã¥ ® ¾Sab rina  Ã¨  ¨Ã¥ ¸Æ'ä ¸ ½Ã¥ ¨Å"Sadie  Ã¨  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